The various GMP (good manufacturing practice) guidelines and international ISO standards regarding GMP cleanrooms are complex and often seem contradictory in their guidance, leading to confusion and, at times, misinterpretation. In the case of routine environmental controls, there is little prescriptive guidance and it is up to the cleanroom owner to devise an appropriate control plan. In the generally prescriptive GMP industry, this lack of direct instructions leaves users perplexed.
Reducing costs while developing efficient bioprocesses as fast as possible is a rigorous task. Intensive screenings, including a vast number of different experiments regarding strains, media composition and process conditions, have to be conducted in order to create high yields and product titers.
A variety of hardness tests can be used to establish the different hardness values for the same test specimen. The type of hardness test is typically guided by customer requirements, as hardness measurements are often reported as values on the specification sheets of manufactured goods.
The new VectorExtensometer from Tinius Olsens represents a true advancement in extensometer technology. It enables several contacting and non-contacting sensors to be replaced with a single, customized instrument.
Tinius Olsen and SDL Atlas participate and work within the Tasks groups at ASTM and the Working Groups at BSI, CEN and ISO meetings on the amendment and development of standards. Seaming properties and tensile strength are the key aspects to be measured in order to assess the fitness and longevity of the final garments.
Wettability is the determining factor in many applications ranging from coatings to enhanced oil recovery and medical implants to pesticides. Due to a wide range of applications, the measurement of wettability, i.e., the contact angle measurement can be done with several different methods.
Surface cleanliness is an important topic in many industrial areas. It is especially needed in applications like coating, painting, or printing where something is added on top of the other material. If the surface where the coating is applied is not clean, the adhesion between the coating and the substrate is typically poor.
We started the series of different contact angles with a static contact angle. The static contact angle offers a fast way of characterizing the wettability of the solid. The static contact angle can, however, be problematic as there is no one static contact angle for any real surfaces. In a typical experiment, you measure the static contact angle on several different spots on the same